Bibliography

What is a bibliography?

All publications you use must be listed at the end of your article or report: this list is known as the bibliography or reference list. The bibliography is a complete list of publications used. All quotations and paraphrases in your text refer to the entries in the bibliography. See also Quoting and Paraphrasing.

N.B.: you may not include any publications you did not use in your bibliography.

The computer program RefWorks allows you to easily create a bibliography which you can then include at the end of your thesis or report. See Nice to know: RefWorks.

Why a bibliography?

By means of a bibliography, the reader of your report can check at a glance which publications you used. He can also use the bibliography to see which ideas are yours and which are adopted from other authors. See also: Plagiarism.

The bibliography also allows you to draw the reader’s attention to other publications covering the same subject.

And of course the same applies vice versa. When searching for information on a subject, it is always useful to go through the bibliography of a book or an article. See Searching for information.

Formatting a bibliography

A bibliography can be formatted in various ways. There are a number of stylesused for this. Most programmes at the HvA have rules for formatting bibliographies. Ask your lecturer which rules apply in your programme.


Two examples:

1. A bibliography in APA style:

Bibliography
Delfos, M. (2010). Let's game : Over games en gaming : Voor ouders en hun gamers. Amsterdam: SWP.
Janssen, S., & Meer, M. v. d. (2010). Professional playground : Alles over werken in de game-industrie. Den Haag: Boom Lemma.

Pijpers, R., & Haan, J. d. (2010). Contact! : Kinderen en nieuwe media. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum.

2. A bibliography in Harvard style:

Bibliography
Delfos, M. 2010, Let's game : over games en gaming : voor ouders en hun gamers, SWP, Amsterdam.
Janssen, S. & Meer, M.v.d. 2010, Professional playground : alles over werken in de game-industrie, Boom Lemma, Den Haag.
Pijpers, R. & Haan, J.d. 2010, Contact! : kinderen en nieuwe media, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten.


Examples of references (APA style):

Most programmes at the HvA have made using the APA style compulsory. Below, you will therefore find a number of examples for different types of publications.


Books::

Jansen, J. (2004). Cijfers spreken: Overtuigen met onderzoek en statistiek. Groningen: Noordhoff.

Wijnberg, J. (2012). Verbale intelligentie: De kracht van het woord. Schiedam: Scriptum.

Swaab, D.F. (2010). Wij zijn ons brein: Van baarmoeder tot alzheimer. Amsterdam: Contact.

Hill, Charles W.L. & Jones, Gareth R. (2009). Theory of Strategic Management with Cases (8th ed., int. student ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western.

Articles (consulted in print):

Tilroe, A. (2013). Het nieuwe Rijks - Gedeelde cultuur. Dromen en drama's. De Groene Amsterdammer, 137(16), 60-61.

McAndrew, F. T., & Jeong, H. S. (2012). Who does what on facebook? Age, sex, and relationship status as predictors of facebook use. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6).

Ballantyne, D., & Aitken, R. (2007). Branding in B2B markets: Insights from the service-dominant logic of marketing. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 22(6), 363-371.

Articles (consulted digitally):

McManus, I., & Furnham, A. (2010). “Fun, fun, fun": Types of fun, attitudes to fun, and their relation to personality and biographical factors. Psychology, 1(3), 159-168. Geraadpleegd op 13 mei 2013, op http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=2392

Bircher, J. & Wehkamp, K. (2011). Health care needs need to be focused on health. Health, 3, 378-382. doi: 10.4236/health.2011.36064. Gedownload op 13 mei 2013, van http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=5299

Appel, M. (2012). Are heavy users of computer games and social media more computer literate? Computers & Education, 59(4), 1339-1349. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2012.06.004. Gedownload op 13 mei 2013, van http://my.stust.edu.tw/sysdata/34/20934/doc/26f7d01a177bf29e/attach/819832.pdf

Websites:

Lubberts, J. (2013). Werk en studeer slimmer met deze geheugentechnieken [blog post]. Geraadpleegd op 13 mei 2013, op http://lifehacking.nl/persoonlijke-ontwikkeling/werk-en-studeer-slimmer-met-deze-geheugentechnieken/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=werk-en-studeer-slimmer-met-deze-geheugentechnieken

Meer Nederlanders slachtoffer identiteitsfraude (2013).Geraadpleegd op 13 mei 2013, op https://www.security.nl/artikel/45754/1/Meer_Nederlanders_slachtoffer_identiteitsfraude.html

Further information?

We have only given you a few examples here. If you would like to know more about the APA style, you could consult the following sources, for example:

The official rules for citing sources in APA style:
American Psychological Association (2010). Concise rules of APA style. Washington, DC : American Psychological Association.
For further information on citing websites etc., see also the APA Style Blog

An extensive Dutch-language APA manual from Tilburg University (2012): Bronvermelding volgens de richtlijnen van de APA.

Also useful:
Dijkstra, A. (2012). Verwijswijzer: Onderzoeksrapportage en bronvermelding volgens de APA-richtlijnen. Groningen: Antharis.

 

Using the RefWorks program, you can create a bibliography in accordance with a particular style, such as APA, and easily make adjustments to it. See:
Zie Nice to know: RefWorks